In my next life, I'm coming back as a male or female fitness model ![Big grin :D :D](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
'Uglyism' more common than racism: study
Misty Harris
Canwest News Service
Monday, November 10, 2008
A new study sheds light on "our most invisible prejudice" as a society: uglyism.
Coined by a Canadian sociologist, "uglyism" describes the subtle but widespread discrimination experienced by people whose appearances lie south of the beauty equator mapped out by art, literature and film.
"We don't realize the level of discrimination that we exercise against people who are less attractive than the norm," says Anthony Synnott, a professor at Concordia University in Montreal.
"In a sense, it's very visible; we're judging people by their appearance all the time. But the prejudice about it is invisible because we aren't aware we're doing it."
Those affected, however, can be devastatingly conscious of the negative bias. Indeed, growing up with a facial deformity caused by Crouzon's Syndrome, Barry Strader says people's ill-ease with him had a "glaring clarity."
"The reality is that because I look different, too often decisions have been made [about] me with finger-snap finality in the initial moment of meeting," says Strader, who has had 11 operations in order to get to a place where he feels "normal."
While the Toronto man recognizes that his worth isn't tied up in "the jagged facial bones, the uneven eyes or the underdeveloped jaw," showing people his inner beauty requires that they first give him that chance.
"I have to work harder to make people see who I am," says Strader, whose quick wit and depth of character are regrettably "not apparent in the first quick glance or a passing stare."
There have been countless sociology studies on beauty, but Synnott says those on the flip side of the genetic lottery are just starting to get their academic due. His paper on uglyism, published this month in the interdisciplinary journal Glimpse, is one of a growing number that examine the causes and consequences of discrimination based on physical appearance -- a form of prejudice he suggests is more pervasive today than either sexism or racism.
"You get that halo effect kicking in where people imbue positive values to you if you're attractive, and the horns effect -- which imbues negative values -- if you're not attractive," says Synnott. "This affects your chances, both personal and professional, throughout your life."
In casting the title role of Ugly Betty, for instance, TV executives didn't hire an eyesore but rather attached bushy eyebrows and braces to America Ferrera, an actress named one of the "100 most beautiful" celebrities in the world by People magazine.
This casting decision would make viewers comfortable since, as Synnott observes in his paper, popular culture has taught people to link physical aberrations with villainy -- think Frankenstein, the Bond villains, Beowulf, the Iliad's Thersites, Lord Voldemort and so forth.
Synnott believes this "fear of ugliness" is what's helped propel the cosmetic surgery industry, which has seen the number of procedures performed annually climb nearly 60 per cent since 2000.
It's also part of the reason researchers have identified such social phenomena as the "plainness penalty," which finds that unattractive people in the labour market earn five to 10 per cent less than their attractive counterparts.
But to condemn what may be a largely hardwired reaction, says a Canadian pop culture expert, is the equivalent of shaking a finger at someone for being drawn to a fragrant bouquet over a wilted one.
"Beauty arouses in us positive feelings of happiness, well-being, satisfaction, joy," says Rebecca Sullivan, an associate professor at the University of Calgary.