Could you give me a rough sketch of how you do HIIT ?
First of all, people are so hyped up about HIIT when it comes to training - as compared to steady state cardio - primarily for 2 reasons . One , is that compared to steady state cardio, HIIT is a form of interval training ( that has been around for decades ) and interval training is one of the fastest ways to improve your cardio fitness. The second is that, compared to steady state cardio , it optimizes the burning of fat by your body after exercise.
However, when it comes to HIIT, "
how to do it " isn't cast in stone IMO. Take the time of your work interval as an example. The work interval doesn't have to be 20 seconds or even even 30 seconds. The landmark study done up here in Canada ( Tremblay et. al ) that associated HIIT with optimal fat loss used rather short intervals ranging anywhere from 15- 30 seconds to much longer intervals ranging from 60 seconds to 90 seconds. Ditto for the rest interval. It can be 1 minute , or it can be longer ( depending on the work interval ). In the study I just mentioned, they let some rest intervals reach a lower threshold heart rate of 120 - 130 beats per minute. In this case, the rest interval lower threshold was the equivalent of about 65%MHR+/- for many of the subjects in the study. In terms of time, getting to this 120-130 beats per minute lower threshold heart rate could easily take anywhere from 1, 2 or 3 minutes of recovery - it varies.
But the key issue when it comes to HIIT is " high intensity ". That said, if you want a general rule to follow, I'd suggest you simply try go ' all out ' during the work intervals - go as hard as you can handle . Now if it is a 15-30 second work interval , you might hit 95% MHR - 90%+MHR going flat out. If you do longer intervals of 1 to 2 minutes ( as you were doing ) , continue to go hard, but you'll likely only be able to sustain something like 80% - 90% MHR. During your rest / recovery interval, you want to slow down to around 60+/-% of your MHR. If you have a heart monitor you can track this and then resume your work interval once your reach that level. Thing is, most of us don't train with heart rate monitors, so you'll have to opt for a simpler approach...such as a timed interval or one simply based on your perceived level of exertion ( i.e when you get most - but not all - of your breath back.)
One suggestion is to go 1 minute hard followed by 2 minutes of ' active ' ( i.e running instead of walking ) recovery. It's a simple 1:2 interval protocol I used when I did lactate threshold training for some of my hockey teams , but it is also is great for fat loss. There is a very reputable strength an conditioning coach named Alwyn Cosgrove who advocates a similar 1:2 protocol ( he calls it " Afterburn " advocating 1 minute hard and 2 minutes active recovery ) aimed directly at optmizing fat loss. So, you could try something like 1 minute on your treadmill at a much higher mph like 10 ,12+ mph, or 8 mph along with an incline of 6+/-...then recover by running at 4 or 5 mph for 2 minutes. If you're are still gasping for air after 2 minutes recovery, just keep recovering till you get almost all your breath back . That could be 2.5 minutes, 3 or 4 minutes, depending on your fitness level. Or ease up on your work interval so you can stick to the 1:2 protocol.
All I'm saying, is that there a lot of ways to structure a HIIT and how you go about it depends a lot on what your current fitness level is and what your goals are. You have to go thru some trial and error to see what works best for you.