So, I won't say this is the only way to go, but here's an example:
Breakfast - 1 whole egg, 1/2 cup of egg whites, mix in low fat shredded cheese and some veggies (onions, spinach, kale, broccoli - stuff you don't hate).
Lunch for non-workout day - lettuce wrap with meat & cheese. Can be lunch meat, can be left overs from another dinner. throw in some tomato, maybe some hummus.
Lunch for workout day - Whole wheat sandwich, with low fat meat & veggies.
Dinner for non-workout day - oven roasted veggies and meat, a roast, pork chops, chicken (Yum rotisserie chicken) etc. Or have a salad with the meat, and throw on some avocado (avocado is also good on the salads, or even in on top of the eggs)
Dinner for workout day - lean meat (chicken breast, pork, lean ground beef), starch - rice, sweet potato, beans (you can cook them in with ground meat for chili). Eat lots. This is your muscle building meal.
This is making your workout day higher carbs and protein, and your non-workout day higher fat and protein (I'm not sure how much this will actually matter, but if you have to pick, it's not going to hurt).
If you snack, have say a Clementine and some string cheese. (Or an apple & cheese, or some greek yogurt... something with at least a protein, and maybe some fat & carbs). Almonds are also a good snack.
As for how much... you want at least 150g of protein (I'm guessing based on your goals) each day. In terms of the actual amount of fat & carbs, I don't have a hard and fast # except the less calories and more fat on your non-workout days, and more calories and more carbs on your workout days.
Oh, and if you want to use your whey protein, then on workout days, have a snack with 1 scoop protein powder, some milk and some frozen fruit thrown in a blender.
Is that enough to at least get you started? You can always tweak it as time goes by.